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OCC Bulletin
July 15, 1999 |
Summary of the Basel Committee's Consultative Document: "A New Capital Adequacy Framework" The paper describes a framework for bank supervision and regulation that contains three "pillars" -- a regulatory capital minimum, an enhanced supervisory review process, and more effective use of market discipline through disclosure.   |
FDIC FYI
January 14, 2003 |
Basel and the Evolution of Capital Regulation: Moving Forward, Looking Back How much capital is enough? How bank regulators have answered this question during the post World War II period has been shaped by two contending strands of thought. |
Finance & Development
June 1, 2000
Tomas J.T. Balino & Angel Ubide |
The New World of Banking Four trends are fundamentally altering the financial world: consolidation of institutions, globalization of operations, development of new technologies, and universalization of banking. Each of these poses challenges for the effective supervision and regulation of the financial sector.... |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2001 |
Bulletin The Asian Crisis Four Years On... The New Basel Capital Proposal for Banks... IMF Reviews Financial Sector Assessment Program... etc. |
Finance & Development
December 1, 2008
Noel Sacasa |
Preventing Future Crises The financial crisis has exposed weaknesses in the current regulatory and supervisory frameworks and made it clear that we are in need of regulatory reform. |
OCC Bulletin
August 4, 2003 |
Proposed Revisions to Risk-Based Capital Implementing the new Basel Capital Accord This bulletin briefly summarizes the Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPR) and Supervisory Guidance developed for corporate credit risk and operational risk that were published today in the Federal Register. |
FDIC FYI
April 21, 2003 |
Risk-Based Capital Requirements for Commercial Lending: The Impact of Basel II The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the mechanics of the Basel II risk-based capital calculation for commercial credit exposures, and to present evidence on the impact of the new calculations on capital requirements for syndicated loans. |
CFO
December 1, 2003
Randy Myers |
Basel's New Balance A new accord may soon help banks lend more for less. |
CFO
October 1, 2007
Rob Garver |
One Nation, Left Behind The race to cut compliance-based capital has begun, and U.S. banks are trailing the pack -- badly. |
Bank Technology News
June 2001
Brian O'Connell |
Risk Management Software Spells Relief for Bankers The technology also helps keep regulators happy... |
Finance & Development
September 2010
S. Raihan Zamil |
Judgment Day Changing the rules alone cannot make the financial system safe. The judgment of banking supervisors is crucial. |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2000
Robert Rennhack |
Banking Supervision Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, like other emerging markets, have experienced banking system difficulties that have hampered growth and generated fiscal costs as high as 10 to 20 percent of GDP and even more. Many countries have improved their banking systems, but further reform is needed. |
OCC Bulletin
December 6, 2000 |
Risk-Based Capital The Agencies are proposing to modify the risk-based capital treatment on claims against certain securities firms. The proposal would reduce the risk weight on claims on, or guaranteed by, qualifying securities firms to 20 percent from 100 percent... |
Finance & Development
September 1, 2000
Paul Hilbers, Russell Krueger, & Marina Moretti |
New Tools for Assessing Financial System Soundness Macroprudential indicators--defined broadly as indicators of the health and stability of the financial system--can help countries assess their banking systems' vulnerability to crisis. In recent years, an increasing amount of work has been done on such indicators... |
Finance & Development
March 2009
Amar Bhattacharya |
A Tangled Web Everyone agrees on reforming the governance of financial markets, but who will do what remains unclear. |
OCC Bulletin
September 25, 2006 |
Proposed Revisions to (1) Risk- Based Capital Rule Implementing the new Basel Capital Accord and (2) Market Risk Rule This bulletin briefly summarizes two Notices of Proposed Rulemaking. The first NPR would implement new risk-based capital requirements for large or internationally active U.S. banking organizations. The second NPR proposes changes to the current risk-based capital charge for market risk. |
Finance & Development
September 1, 2000
Roger Nord |
Central and Eastern Europe and the New Financial Architecture As the Central and Eastern European countries prepare to join the European Union, they are participating in worldwide efforts to strengthen the global economy... |
U.S. Banker
April 2007
Karen Krebsbach |
International-Rule Adoption May Harm Emerging Economies Traditional approaches to bank supervision could actually hurt the societies they're aiming to protect, particularly those in emerging economies. |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2002
Haizhou Huang & S. Kal Wajid |
Financial Stability in the World of Global Finance To reduce their vulnerability to national and international financial crises, countries must address the weaknesses in their financial systems... |
OCC Bulletin
November 3, 2000 |
Risk-Based Capital--Simplified Framework for Non-Complex Institutions Currently, banks and thrifts are required to maintain minimum levels of risk-based capital under a framework established by the 1988 Capital Accord. The Agencies believe that the size, complexity, and risk profile of many banking institutions may warrant the application of a simplified capital framework. |
OCC Bulletin
January 23, 2001 |
Risk-Based Capital On January 16, 2001, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision published a set of three documents that initiates a second round of consultation with the industry to develop proposals to revise the 1988 Capital Accord... |
CFO
March 1, 2007
Rob Garver |
Nothing to Bank On Bank executives will undoubtedly spend much of the next year assessing the likelihood and impact of new rules, while at the same time trying to keep earnings growth on its upward trend. |
BusinessWeek
April 17, 2008 |
The Lowdown on Basel II Its No. 1 goal is to smooth out financial crises, and its main method is fine-tuning banks' capital requirements. |
OCC Bulletin
May 22, 2002 |
Unsafe and Unsound Investment Portfolio Practices Description: Supplemental Guidance This bulletin alerts banks to the potential risk to future earnings and capital from poor investment decisions made at the current low level of interest rates... |
Bank Systems & Technology
May 24, 2007
Nancy Feig |
Basel II's Three Pillars of Compliace While the minutiae of the supervisory regulations issued for Basel II by the Bank for International Settlements is as drawn out as its official name, there are three simple points around which the accord is based. |
eCFO
April 2001
Adam Lincoln |
Basel Faulty Managers at some smaller companies complain that Basel II will lower adequacy ratios on loads to healthy corporations but will raise the bar on loans to less-sound businesses... |
OCC Bulletin
December 28, 2006 |
Risk-Based Capital: Domestic Capital Modifications This Notice of Proposed Rulemaking is applicable to banking organizations that are not subject to the Basel II NPR that was separately proposed on September 25, 2006. |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2001 |
Book reviews Robert Solomon's Money on the Move: The Revolution in International Finance Since 1980... Distributive Justice and Economic Development: The Case of Chile and Developing Countries... Ruth de Krivoy's Collapse: The Venezuelan Banking Crisis of '94... etc. |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2000
Pedro Pou |
Argentina's Structural Reforms of the 1990s Argentina experienced serious economic and financial difficulties in the 1980s. Hyperinflation in 1989-90 finally elicited the necessary political consensus for reform. Despite areas of concern, structural reforms implemented in the 1990s have set Argentina on the path to sustained growth. |
Finance & Development
December 2010 |
Risky Business Global banks will adapt to the new international rules on capital and liquidity, but at what cost to investors and the financial system? |
Bank Systems & Technology
August 30, 2005
Phil Britt |
Comprehensive Controls The better control a bank has on its risk exposure, the better its opportunity for profitability. Still, many financial institutions continue to struggle to establish enterprisewide risk management controls that provide a true picture of risk across the organization. |
Finance & Development
September 1, 2002
Nsouli & Schaechter |
Challenges of the "E-Banking Revolution" Electronic banking is the wave of the future. It provides enormous benefits to consumers in terms of the ease and cost of transactions. But it also poses new challenges for country authorities in regulating and supervising the financial system and in macroeconomic policy. |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2002
Gerd Hausler |
The Globalization of Finance Financial globalization has brought considerable benefits to national economies and to investors and savers, but it has also changed the structure of markets, creating new risks and challenges for market participants and policymakers... |
OCC Bulletin
April 9, 2002 |
Risk-Based Capital A final rule permits banks to reduce the risk weight on certain claims against qualifying securities firms from 100 percent to 20 percent... |
Finance & Development
June 1, 2006
Wim Fonteyne |
EU: From Monetary to Financial Union The choice is not between a centralized and a decentralized framework, but about the degree of centralization that will give Europe the best tools to manage risks to its financial stability without impeding the integration process itself. |
Bank Systems & Technology
May 8, 2007
Nancy Feig |
Technological Improvements Crucial To Greater Transparency In Banking Supervision Traditional approaches to government supervision of banks may actually hurt development and lead to greater corruption in lending in some countries, according to research. |
Finance & Development
December 1, 2002
Das et al. |
Financial Regulators Need Independence Granting more operational autonomy to the agencies that keep an eye on the financial sector can bolster financial stability. |
Bank Systems & Technology
May 24, 2007
Nancy Feig |
Banks Make Headway Towards Basel II While international banks have made considerable progress toward complying with the provisions of Basel II, US banks still are waiting for the final rules. But that isn't keeping them from reexamining their risk management technologies. |
OCC Bulletin
October 20, 2005 |
Risk-Based Capital: Domestic Capital Modifications The Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking suggests modifications to our domestic risk-based capital rules, which are based on the 1988 Basel Accord (Basel I). |
OCC Bulletin
March 28, 2005 |
Credit Risk Proposed changes for the classification of commercial credit exposures, which are used to identify higher risk commercial loans and determine classified loan ratios. |
| Knowledge@Wharton |
Have Banks, After 25 Years, Made Peace with the Community Reinvestment Act? History and enforcement of the CRA, and how it can be improved. |
OCC Bulletin
March 23, 2001 |
Working Group on Public Disclosures The private sector Working Group on Public Disclosure recently issued a report recommending several enhancements to public disclosure for large banking organizations and securities firms in the areas of credit and market risk... |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2006
Hilbers, Otker-Robe & Pazarba |
Going too Fast? Managing rapid credit growth in Central and Eastern Europe. |
U.S. Banker
September 2005
Thomas W. Killian |
Designing an [Optimal ] Capital Structure Nimble capital management can help non-Basel II-adopting banks level the competitive playing field. |
Bank Systems & Technology
October 6, 2006
Nancy Feig |
Basel II Drives ERM The consensus among bankers and experts is that Basel II is the driving force behind enterprise risk management. |
Finance & Development
March 1, 2001
Neil Gregory & Stoyan Tenev |
The Financing of Private Enterprise in China A 1999 survey of more than 600 private Chinese enterprises revealed that they relied primarily on self-financing. For China's private sector to thrive, firms will need increased access to external loan and equity financing... |
U.S. Banker
July 2008
Michael Sisk |
A `Radical' Answer to Credit-Ratings Conflict The government should remove itself completely from the credit-rating business, stop deciding which company can and can't rate a bond, and stop making institutions pay attention to rating agencies whose work may be shoddy - and, it often turns out, is. |
FDIC FYI
December 8, 2003 |
Estimating the Capital Impact of Basel II in the United States We use 19 years of financial data from all FDIC-insured commercial banks to develop a range of values for the key Basel II risk parameters that banks might be expected to use over time. This allows us to estimate average capital requirements under the A-IRB approach under a range of economic conditions. |
U.S. Banker
August 2010
Donna Alexander |
Is This Any Way to Stimulate Global Trade? The Basel Committee's proposal to raise capital requirements for trade-finance instruments could force banks to scale back lending. |
Finance & Development
June 1, 2000
Hans Dieter Seibel |
Agricultural Development Banks Close Them or Reform Them? Agricultural development banks were established to extend credit and other financial services to customers not considered creditworthy by commercial banks. Should these banks be closed or are they worth revamping? |
